Wednesday, September 12, 2012
The amount of sea ice in the Arctic had fallen to the lowest level on record..
In August 2012, researchers announced that the amount of sea ice in the Arctic had fallen to the lowest level on record, a confirmation of the drastic warming in the region and a likely harbinger of larger changes to come.
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
The United Nations has sponsored annual global talks, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, an international treaty signed by 194 countries to cooperatively discuss global climate change and its impact.
Global warming has become perhaps the most complicated issue facing world leaders.
Global warming has become perhaps the most complicated issue facing world leaders. Warnings from the scientific community are becoming louder, as an increasing body of science points to rising dangers from the ongoing buildup of human-related greenhouse gases — produced mainly by the burning of fossil fuels and forests.
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is the leading international body for the assessment of climate change.
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is the leading international body for the assessment of climate change.It was established by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) in 1988.The IPCC is an intergovernmental body. It is open to all member countries of the United Nations (UN) and WMO.
Wednesday, August 15, 2012
बाल मजदूरी से मुक्त कराए गए बच्चों के पुनर्वास के लिए सरकार ने देश के 266 जिलों में राष्ट्रीय बाल श्रम परियोजना लागू की है।
बाल मजदूरी से मुक्त कराए गए बच्चों के पुनर्वास के लिए सरकार ने देश के 266 जिलों में राष्ट्रीय बाल श्रम परियोजना लागू की है। इस परियोजना के अंतर्गत ऐसे बच्चों को विशेष स्कूलों में दाखिल किया जाता है, जहां उन्हें औपचारिक शिक्षा प्रणाली में डालने से पहले शिक्षा, व्यवसायिक प्रशिक्षण, पौष्टिक आहार, स्वास्थ्य सुविधाएं आदि प्रदान की जाती हैं। वर्ष 2010-11 में इस योजना पर 92.71 करोड़ रूपये खर्च हुए, जबकि संशोधित अनुमान 92.80 करोड़ रूपये का था। वर्ष 2011-12 में 373 करोड़ रूपये की बजट राशि में से 21 नवंबर, 2011 तक 70 करोड़ रूपये खर्च किए जा चुके हैं।
पाथेर शब्द का बंगाली में मतलब होता है ‘पथ का ’ और पांचाली बंगाल में गायी जाने वाली कथात्मक शैली का लोकगीत है.
पाथेर शब्द का बंगाली में मतलब होता है ‘पथ का ’ और पांचाली बंगाल में गायी जाने वाली कथात्मक शैली का लोकगीत है.
शहरयार
शहरयार ने उमराव जान, गमन, अंजुमन जैसी फ़िल्मों के गीत लिखे जो बेहद लोकप्रिय हुए. हालांकि वो ख़ुद को फ़िल्मी शायर नहीं मानते.
Saturday, July 14, 2012
DNA
DNA, short for deoxyribonucleic acid, is the molecule that contains the genetic code of organisms. This includes animals, plants, protists, archaea and bacteria.
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
The UDHR may be broken into 30 parts or articles. Each article says one idea about human rights. Most people think these are the most important ideas:
All persons are born free and equal, because they have reason and conscience.
Everyone has a right to life, liberty, and security of their person.
Everyone is protected from any kind of discriminations.
Everyone has a right to have a nationality and change one's nationality.
Everyone has a right to an education.
Everyone has a right to get a job.
Everyone has a right to vote and take part in the government of one's own country.
Everyone has a right to take part in cultural life -- to choose a way of life.
No person may be tortured, or treated in a cruel or unkind way.
Everyone has right to seek and gain asylum in other country from persecution.
Everyone has a right to have ideas or opinions, to decide what is right and what is wrong, and to choose a religion.
Everyone has a right to speak or write freely.
Everyone has a rights to security if the person is at the cases of unemployment, disease, disability, old age or lost of the partner.
Everyone has duties to the community where one's personality can be developed freely.
No one can abuse the rights to destroy the freedom or rights in this Declaration.
All persons are born free and equal, because they have reason and conscience.
Everyone has a right to life, liberty, and security of their person.
Everyone is protected from any kind of discriminations.
Everyone has a right to have a nationality and change one's nationality.
Everyone has a right to an education.
Everyone has a right to get a job.
Everyone has a right to vote and take part in the government of one's own country.
Everyone has a right to take part in cultural life -- to choose a way of life.
No person may be tortured, or treated in a cruel or unkind way.
Everyone has right to seek and gain asylum in other country from persecution.
Everyone has a right to have ideas or opinions, to decide what is right and what is wrong, and to choose a religion.
Everyone has a right to speak or write freely.
Everyone has a rights to security if the person is at the cases of unemployment, disease, disability, old age or lost of the partner.
Everyone has duties to the community where one's personality can be developed freely.
No one can abuse the rights to destroy the freedom or rights in this Declaration.
Monday, April 30, 2012
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY: नैनो प्रौद्योगिकी
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY: नैनो प्रौद्योगिकी: नैनो प्रौद्योगिकी ज्ञान का भंडार है और ऐसी प्रौद्योगिकी है, जो विभिन्न प्रकार के उत्पादों और प्रक्रियाओं को प्रभावित करेगी। इसके राष्ट्री...
Monday, April 16, 2012
CSAT MATERIAL
The economy of contemporary India is a great paradox. It is a strange combination of outstanding achievements as well as grave failures. Since independence, India has achieved remarkable progress in overcoming its economic backwardness. From being a very poor country in the 1950s and a ‘basket case’ in the mid 1960s, it has emerged as the fourth largest economy in the world (in terms of purchasing power parity). Our economy has become one of the fastest growing economies in the world. Now the country is one of the leading players in the world knowledge economy with vast intellectual capital and booming software and information technology services. While our country has joined the league of the world’s top five fastest growing economies, we are in the bottom 20 among all countries in terms of the Human Development Index. While the country is celebrating its growth rate and technological wonders, it is witnessing social contradictions and the paradox and ironies of development. Thus, there are ‘two Indias’ in contemporary India.
1. Why is the Indian economy considered ‘a great paradox’?
(a) It is a leading player in information technology services with low levels of
literacy.
(b) There is poverty amidst plenty in agricultural produce.
(c) It is one of the largest economies with low human development.
(d) It has scientific achievements with social contradictions.
2. Why is India being referred to as a leading player in the world knowledge economy?
(a) India’s knowledge base in science and technology is one of the world’s best.
(b) India has huge reserves of human intellectual capitals and information technology services.
(c) India is among the World’s five fastest growing economics and technology reserves.
(d) India has a huge reservoir of human capital and scientific knowledge export potential.
3. What does the author imply by the phrase ‘two Indias’ ?
(a) There is the India that has vast intellectual capital and the other that is largely
illiterate.
(b) There is the India of burgeoning growth and the India of widespread want and
misery.
(c) There is the India of progressive mindsets and the other who are socially
conservative.
(d) There is an India of outstanding achievements combined with gigantic failures.
4. Consider the following statement and also the conclusions. Answer the question that follows:Statement : Education is in the Concurrent List. The State government cannot bring reforms in education without the consent of Central Government.
Conclusion I : For bringing about quick reforms in education, it should be in the State List .
Conclusion II: States are not willing to bring about quick reforms in Education.
Which one of the following is correct?
(a) Conclusion -I only follows from the statement.
(b) Conclusion -II only follows from the statement.
(c) Both conclusions I & II follow from the statement
(d) Neither conclusion I nor conclusion II follow from the statement
5]“We need more clarity” — this has been the prevalent refrain among many private schools in Chennai for the last couple of months in regard to implementing the Right to Education (RTE) Act. With the Supreme Court upholding the constitutional validity of the Act and the Tamil Nadu State Government taking steps for its implementation, private schools cannot use lack of clarity as an excuse anymore.
While the Act envisages a series of reforms in school education, the clause on reserving 25 per cent of seats at the entry level for children belonging to weaker sections and disadvantaged groups has remained in focus.
Private schools have been using different strategies to escape from this clause. Some school heads said they were not sure how the government would reimburse the costs. A few private schools in Chennai sent out letters to parents, seeking to mobilise them against its implementation.
In fact, some schools went to the extent of telling parents: “Your child's quality of education will suffer seriously as the teachers will have a very difficult time managing and educating a few children who are not qualified for the particular class, or who are very difficult to manage.” Certain other schools claimed they were already enrolling children from economically weaker sections. However, such attempts have been rendered futile by the Supreme Court's verdict on Thursday. Now, what next?
The School Education Department has chalked out a detailed plan of action. A total of 12 Government Orders have been issued and the Directorate of Teacher Education Research and Training (DTERT) is the nodal agency for its implementation. Training programmes are being held to educate school heads. After quite a delay, the government has moved the files to constitute the State Commission for Protection of Child Rights (SCPCR).
6]Composite fish culture has emerged as a vital activity in recent years owing to high net return realized from this enterprise.
Nevertheless, there still exists a large gap in the demand and supply of fish. Intensive aquaculture is not feasible for the rural people as it is expensive and involves more risk.
The low input mixed farming systems in which fish culture is a component, using and regenerating the physical and biological resources efficiently, are more suitable as they are less risky and at the same time give more fish production because of easy adaptability.
MORE OPTION
The current aquaculture production can be increased to a greater extent if it can be integrated with dairy. Fish cum dairy farming is considered as an excellent innovation for effective utilization of organic wastes.
Composite fish culture comprising rohu, catla, mrigal and common carp can be fed with biogas slurry, cattle shed washings and other organic wastes for reducing the cost of feeding and to improve the growth and yield. Organic wastes on application help in the production of desired planktons, which is basic food for fish and these wastes serve as fertilizer nutrients and also consumed directly as source of feed.
Experiments conducted at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore revealed that application of biogas slurry from the biogas plant at 15,000 kg ha of fish pond and cattle shed washings at 260 litres day-1 for 73 days as fish feed recorded 40.45 kg and 45.92 kg, respectively .
NUTRIENT STATUS
Feeding the fish with improved nutrient feed especially organic carbon and plankton status of fish pond, resulted in highest productivity.
Excess supply of cattle shed washings to fish pond resulted in mortality of fish due to high water temperature, carbon dioxide, alkalinity and low dissolved oxygen content of water in the fish pond.
Hence, for obtaining higher fish production and economic returns, growing of polyculture fish with cattle shed washings or biogas slurry as their feed is efficient and economical.
1. Why is the Indian economy considered ‘a great paradox’?
(a) It is a leading player in information technology services with low levels of
literacy.
(b) There is poverty amidst plenty in agricultural produce.
(c) It is one of the largest economies with low human development.
(d) It has scientific achievements with social contradictions.
2. Why is India being referred to as a leading player in the world knowledge economy?
(a) India’s knowledge base in science and technology is one of the world’s best.
(b) India has huge reserves of human intellectual capitals and information technology services.
(c) India is among the World’s five fastest growing economics and technology reserves.
(d) India has a huge reservoir of human capital and scientific knowledge export potential.
3. What does the author imply by the phrase ‘two Indias’ ?
(a) There is the India that has vast intellectual capital and the other that is largely
illiterate.
(b) There is the India of burgeoning growth and the India of widespread want and
misery.
(c) There is the India of progressive mindsets and the other who are socially
conservative.
(d) There is an India of outstanding achievements combined with gigantic failures.
4. Consider the following statement and also the conclusions. Answer the question that follows:Statement : Education is in the Concurrent List. The State government cannot bring reforms in education without the consent of Central Government.
Conclusion I : For bringing about quick reforms in education, it should be in the State List .
Conclusion II: States are not willing to bring about quick reforms in Education.
Which one of the following is correct?
(a) Conclusion -I only follows from the statement.
(b) Conclusion -II only follows from the statement.
(c) Both conclusions I & II follow from the statement
(d) Neither conclusion I nor conclusion II follow from the statement
5]“We need more clarity” — this has been the prevalent refrain among many private schools in Chennai for the last couple of months in regard to implementing the Right to Education (RTE) Act. With the Supreme Court upholding the constitutional validity of the Act and the Tamil Nadu State Government taking steps for its implementation, private schools cannot use lack of clarity as an excuse anymore.
While the Act envisages a series of reforms in school education, the clause on reserving 25 per cent of seats at the entry level for children belonging to weaker sections and disadvantaged groups has remained in focus.
Private schools have been using different strategies to escape from this clause. Some school heads said they were not sure how the government would reimburse the costs. A few private schools in Chennai sent out letters to parents, seeking to mobilise them against its implementation.
In fact, some schools went to the extent of telling parents: “Your child's quality of education will suffer seriously as the teachers will have a very difficult time managing and educating a few children who are not qualified for the particular class, or who are very difficult to manage.” Certain other schools claimed they were already enrolling children from economically weaker sections. However, such attempts have been rendered futile by the Supreme Court's verdict on Thursday. Now, what next?
The School Education Department has chalked out a detailed plan of action. A total of 12 Government Orders have been issued and the Directorate of Teacher Education Research and Training (DTERT) is the nodal agency for its implementation. Training programmes are being held to educate school heads. After quite a delay, the government has moved the files to constitute the State Commission for Protection of Child Rights (SCPCR).
6]Composite fish culture has emerged as a vital activity in recent years owing to high net return realized from this enterprise.
Nevertheless, there still exists a large gap in the demand and supply of fish. Intensive aquaculture is not feasible for the rural people as it is expensive and involves more risk.
The low input mixed farming systems in which fish culture is a component, using and regenerating the physical and biological resources efficiently, are more suitable as they are less risky and at the same time give more fish production because of easy adaptability.
MORE OPTION
The current aquaculture production can be increased to a greater extent if it can be integrated with dairy. Fish cum dairy farming is considered as an excellent innovation for effective utilization of organic wastes.
Composite fish culture comprising rohu, catla, mrigal and common carp can be fed with biogas slurry, cattle shed washings and other organic wastes for reducing the cost of feeding and to improve the growth and yield. Organic wastes on application help in the production of desired planktons, which is basic food for fish and these wastes serve as fertilizer nutrients and also consumed directly as source of feed.
Experiments conducted at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore revealed that application of biogas slurry from the biogas plant at 15,000 kg ha of fish pond and cattle shed washings at 260 litres day-1 for 73 days as fish feed recorded 40.45 kg and 45.92 kg, respectively .
NUTRIENT STATUS
Feeding the fish with improved nutrient feed especially organic carbon and plankton status of fish pond, resulted in highest productivity.
Excess supply of cattle shed washings to fish pond resulted in mortality of fish due to high water temperature, carbon dioxide, alkalinity and low dissolved oxygen content of water in the fish pond.
Hence, for obtaining higher fish production and economic returns, growing of polyculture fish with cattle shed washings or biogas slurry as their feed is efficient and economical.
Saturday, October 8, 2011
Thursday, October 6, 2011
gladwell dot com - blink
gladwell dot com - blink
It's a book about rapid cognition, about the kind of thinking that happens in a blink of an eye. When you meet someone for the first time, or walk into a house you are thinking of buying, or read the first few sentences of a book, your mind takes about two seconds to jump to a series of conclusions. Well, "Blink" is a book about those two seconds, because I think those instant conclusions that we reach are really powerful and really important and, occasionally, really good.
You could also say that it's a book about intuition, except that I don't like that word. In fact it never appears in "Blink." Intuition strikes me as a concept we use to describe emotional reactions, gut feelings--thoughts and impressions that don't seem entirely rational. But I think that what goes on in that first two seconds is perfectly rational. It'sthinking--its just thinking that moves a little faster and operates a little more mysteriously than the kind of deliberate, conscious decision-making that we usually associate with "thinking." In "Blink" I'm trying to understand those two seconds. What is going on inside our heads when we engage in rapid cognition? When are snap judgments good and when are they not? What kinds of things can we do to make our powers of rapid cognition better?
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